In-building
Distributed Antenna Systems (DAS) are a network of antennas and
associated equipment designed to improve the cellular signal strength
and coverage within a building or structure. They are commonly used in
large buildings such as office complexes, hospitals, hotels, stadiums,
and shopping malls, where the external cellular signal may not be
sufficient to provide reliable coverage indoors.
The DAS consists of several components, including:
-
Donor Antenna: This antenna is
installed on the outside of the building to capture the cellular signal
from the outdoor base station or tower.
-
Signal Source: The signal source
can be a base station connected directly to the DAS or a small cell or
signal booster used to amplify the signal within the building.
-
Distribution Network: The
distribution network consists of coaxial cables or fiber-optic cables
that distribute the captured signal from the donor antenna or signal
source to the various antennas located throughout the building.
-
Remote Units: Remote Units (RUs)
are installed strategically within the building and receive the signal
from the distribution network. The RUs amplify and distribute the signal
to the antennas.
-
Interior Antennas: These antennas
are placed inside the building and broadcast the amplified signal to
provide coverage in specific areas. They can be installed on ceilings,
walls, or other locations depending on the building's design.
-
Coaxial Cables: Coaxial cables are
used to connect the various components of the DAS, such as the donor
antenna, signal source, RUs, and interior antennas. They ensure
efficient signal transmission and minimize signal loss.
The purpose of an in-building DAS
is to enhance indoor cellular coverage, improve data rates, and ensure a
consistent user experience. It helps overcome challenges posed by
building materials that may block or attenuate the outdoor signals, such
as concrete, metal, and low-emissivity glass.
Overall, an in-building DAS
provides a robust and reliable cellular signal within the building,
ensuring seamless connectivity for users of mobile devices regardless of
their location within the structure.
